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Technical Whitepaper

Sosaiem

A post-quantum, feeless, leaderless currency
Version 2 · Community Draft · No company · No pre-mine
Abstract

Sosaiem is a cryptocurrency designed so that no institution stands between a person and their money. New coins are created only by proof-of-work, at a steady network-wide rate, up to a fixed and final supply of 12,212,010 SOSA. Unusually, mining rewards are split across all active miners in proportion to verifiable work, giving smooth earnings without any pool operator. Every signature uses a NIST post-quantum standard, so the network is secure against quantum computers from its first block. Coins move without fees: to send, the sender’s own device attaches a small proof-of-work to the payment, and the chain settles it into a block — so a transfer costs nothing, asks no one’s permission, and completes even when the recipient is offline. The result is a single shared ledger secured by proof-of-work, run entirely by its participants, with no privileged party anywhere in the design.

IDesign goals

Sosaiem was built around a small set of non-negotiable commitments, and every mechanism below follows from them:

IISupply and issuance

The total supply is fixed at 12,212,010 SOSA and is never exceeded. Coins come into existence only when a block is mined; there is no other source. Issuance targets approximately 100 SOSA per hour across the entire network, independent of how many miners participate, achieved by aiming for one block roughly every minute with a per-block reward of about 1.66666667 SOSA. At that rate the last SOSA is struck around fourteen years after genesis. Once the cap is reached, block rewards fall to zero and mining naturally winds down. Because transfers now settle inside blocks, keeping them flowing and secure beyond the mining era is an open question the project will address before that point — roughly fourteen years out — rather than a solved property today.

Total supply12,212,010 SOSA
Target issuance~100 SOSA / hour (network-wide)
Target block time~60 seconds
Block reward~1.66666667 SOSA
Time to full supply~14 years
Smallest unit10⁻⁸ SOSA

IIIProof-of-work and difficulty

A block is valid only when its proof, read as a number, falls below a difficulty target. Miners search by varying a nonce over a compact fixed-size header containing a fingerprint of the block’s contents, so tampering with any transaction invalidates the block no matter how large it is.

That proof is deliberately memory-hard. Each attempt runs scrypt over 8 MB, which has to be allocated and walked at random. Purpose-built mining chips beat ordinary hashing by packing thousands of tiny cores onto one die; give every core its own 8 MB of fast memory and that advantage collapses, because the memory dominates the cost and the chip ends up resembling a plain CPU. Litecoin used the same idea with 128 KB, which proved small enough for chips to catch up. Sosaiem uses 64 times that.

Work-shares are computed the same way, and this matters more than it looks. Had shares stayed cheap while blocks grew expensive, anyone with fast dedicated hardware could flood the network with shares and collect most of the reward without doing the costly work — and honest miners would have been obliged to carry those shares in the blocks they found. Both cost the same, so there is no cheap way in.

Blocks still carry an ordinary SHA-256 name for linking and lookup. Only the proof is expensive, and each node checks a given block’s proof once.

Difficulty adjusts itself. Every eight blocks — one epoch — the network measures how long the recent blocks actually took and nudges the target so the average returns toward one minute. Each measured interval is clamped before it counts, so a single abnormal gap (a laptop asleep for hours, a node paused) can influence at most one bounded adjustment rather than sending difficulty into a spiral. As more miners join, blocks arrive faster, difficulty rises, and the network-wide rate settles back — which is exactly what keeps issuance near 100 SOSA per hour no matter the crowd.

As with any proof-of-work system, individual block times vary widely; only the average is controlled. This randomness is a feature — it is what keeps two miners from repeatedly finding blocks at the same instant.

IVFair rewards through work-shares

In most coins, one miner wins each block and takes the whole reward; smooth income requires joining a pool run by a trusted operator. Sosaiem removes the operator. While racing for a block, each miner also finds work-shares: hashes of a simpler, publicly-checkable puzzle bound to the current block height and to that miner’s own address. A share is genuine proof-of-work — it cannot be forged without spending effort, nor stolen, nor replayed on another block.

Miners broadcast their shares. Whoever ultimately wins the block must embed the shares seen and split the reward in proportion to them, and every node re-verifies both the shares and the split before accepting the block. The effect is pool-smooth earnings — every active miner is paid a slice of nearly every block, proportional to the work they proved — with no coordinator, verified by each participant rather than trusted. A winner could in principle omit some shares it saw to enlarge its own slice; nodes include every share they receive, and the fuller defence — a shared share-chain that discards the blocks of miners who withhold, in the manner of P2Pool — is a planned extension.

VPost-quantum signatures

Ownership and voting are authorised with ML-DSA-65, the module-lattice digital signature standard published by NIST as FIPS 204 (derived from CRYSTALS-Dilithium). Unlike the elliptic-curve signatures underpinning most cryptocurrencies, ML-DSA is designed to resist attacks by large-scale quantum computers. An address is derived as SOSA followed by the first forty hexadecimal characters of the SHA-256 hash of the public key. The trade-off is size: post-quantum keys and signatures are far larger than elliptic-curve ones, which Sosaiem accepts as the cost of durable security.

Signature schemeML-DSA-65 (FIPS 204)
Public key~1,952 bytes
Signature~3,309 bytes
AddressSOSA + sha256(pubkey)[:40]

VIFeeless transfer by self-mined proof-of-work

To send coins, the sender signs the transfer and their own device attaches a small proof-of-work bound to that signed payment — a few seconds of hashing. This work, not a fee, is what a sender spends to move money, and it makes flooding the network with junk transfers costly. The stamped transfer is gossiped across the network.

Miners carry valid, stamped transfers into the blocks they mine, at no charge: miners are paid by the block reward, so there is no fee market to bid into and no reason to exclude a paying user. Every node independently re-checks each transfer in a block against the ledger as of that point — valid signature, valid work stamp, and sufficient balance — and rejects any block that overspends or spends the same coins twice. Because the block chain fixes a single shared order, the order itself is what resolves conflicting spends.

The consequences are the properties Sosaiem wants from money: sending is feeless, it works even when the recipient (or everyone else) is offline, and it settles reliably once carried into a block — a block or two, on the order of a minute. It is dependable rather than instantaneous: the guarantee is “always settles shortly,” not “confirmed the same second.”

VIIOne ledger

A participant’s balance is read from a single ledger: the mining rewards credited to them by the blockchain, plus the net of the transfers carried to and from them in blocks. Both are replicated and independently verified by every node, so all nodes compute identical balances. There are no separate off-chain records to reconcile — the chain is the whole account of who owns what.

Because a transfer only takes effect once it is in a block, and every node re-derives balances from the same ordered chain, there is no way to make the same coins count twice. Splitting a balance across a thousand fresh addresses creates nothing — it only divides the same coins — and the per-transfer proof-of-work makes spamming fresh transfers costly, so empty identities buy no advantage.

VIIINetworking

Every participant runs a node that both secures the network and serves that participant a complete wallet and block explorer in their own browser — there is no central web service holding funds or keys. Nodes speak over ordinary HTTP and find each other three ways: automatic discovery on a local network, exchange of peer lists so that knowing one reachable node bootstraps a newcomer into the whole network, and an optional published seed list. Each node independently validates every block, share, vote, and signature it receives, so introductions can come from anywhere without requiring trust.

IXSecurity model

Sosaiem’s guarantees hold for ordinary use. Its design also has defined boundaries, set out here so that operators understand the assumptions they rely on:

These boundaries narrow as the network matures and as more contributors work on it. Reading the source is the surest way to understand exactly how each mechanism behaves.

XParticipation

Sosaiem has no sale, no allocation, and nothing to buy from anyone. The only way in is to run a node: obtain the client, start it, and either mine to help issue and secure coins or receive them from someone who already holds some. The network is its people. Its future — its value, its resilience, its reach — is not something any single party can grant; it is something participants build by showing up.